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See also other map comparisons : 1901 and 2007 maps and 1765 and 2007 maps.
On the left is the Ordnance Survey map for 1901, on the right is the Duke of Kingston's map of 1765 complete with field names.
This covers the main changes that took place during the Durant era.
This Central-Eastern part of the parish show little change in the Durant era. Hubball Farm was the Grange for Black Ladies Priory to the East and was one of the main farms in the parish in the period up to 1765. Park Farm had recently been 'disparked' and so the fields were comparatively large already. Some combination of smaller fields is evident. These farms represent the main farmland in 1765. Area map
The straightness of Offoxey Road can lead one to think it is a roman road. It is certainly straight and ignores the contours. This was however, Durant's work and a major reshaping of this part of the parish.
The 1765 map shows a track leading West from Bishops Wood skirting the parish boundary before emerging into Tong Knoll 'common' land but the main East-West track at this time was Hubbal Lane: Area map. It is joined by a track from Hubbal running north which has completely disappeared. At Tong Norton there was a bit of a track heading East but the main track ran NE into Tong Knoll. Area map Not only was the line of Offoxey road new (not following any field boundaries) but the fields to the north and south were completely remodelled as well. This seems an excessive amount of effort for little economic return. I can only think that the loss of Tong Knoll to Weston Park had something to do with it, perhaps the Earl of Bradford was persuaded to pay for the new road as part of the deal as losing the Knoll would mean losing the northern trackway to the Holt.
If you look at 'Friar's Lane' from Tong to Tong Norton in 1765, it then followed a sinuous course. Area map. Originally I wondered if this was cartographer's licence, but the change of route is confirmed in the aerial photograph where you can see a few ghosts of the old course. I can't think of an obvious reason why Durant needed to do this, may be the making of the Church Pool required this but in some places it has been brought closer to the stream, perhaps it was just too narrow. Many of the smallholdings to the south-east of the village were combined at some stage. Note that 'Church Farm' is called 'Inn Farm' confirming the location of the old Bell Inn opposite the Church.
To make the Lodge Lake required the water course from Norton to hug the contours and this probably meant the Shifnal Road had to be moved North. The change of position is confirmed by the unaltered pattern of fields to the North. The original Shifnal road came out by the Church just by the 'Hospital' (Infirmary) this makes a lot more sense than its current junction placement. The whole Old Worcester Road is moved to the West away from the Castle, The northern displacement of the road continues all the way to Timlet (Timplet) Bridge. Area map.
The Ruckley estate seems to have been substantially remodelled during this time with the building of the main house and Ruckleywood Farm as well as the railway. Area map.
The 1765 maps shows an open area 'Norton Heath' between Norton and Lizard Farms and this must have been enclosed in the Durant time. Lack of map information precludes more comment. Area map.
The changes to the Kingston mansion at Tong Castle is quite amazing (Area map). The original Tong Mill was drowned under the Church Pool when Durant landscaped the Estate. Tong's original Mill pond was deepened and extended. There was also a direct drive to Tong Park and the main Kingston castle entrance was nearly exactly where the present bye-pass meets the old road. The Durant/Capability Brown landscaping included the planting of Castle Wood to obscure the view to the Castle except from the Church Pool track as well as the contruction of four lakes : Norton Mere; Lodge Lake; Church Pool and South Pool.
Without prior detailed map evidence this can be no more than a conjecture.
At the time of the Vernons the amount of cultivated land was more constricted with a large area of woodland to the West (as evidenced by Wood Farm and Tong Rough) and open land to the north of Tong Norton. The main farmed area was near to flowing water (Hubbal Grange, Lizard Grange and Tong Norton).
The use of water power for milling and forging had a great impact as the water drop in the steep stream ravines is providential, making creation of mill races with a good head of water easy. The Mill at Tong would have been as important as those at Tong Forge and Lizardmill.
Landscaping and the gradual silting up of the northern Church Pool gives the impression of a shallow valley but it is likely that this would have been as deep a 'ravine' as now at Tong Forge and this would have formed the main Western boundary to the main village. The early village is most likely to have developed on the East side of the valley along old Friar's Lane up to Castle Hill at Tong Norton. An interesting area of crop marks is evident in the area of the old trackway north of Hubbal and I wonder if this is where the village's original Tithe Barn may have been.
Note this material is not included in the book.
Copyright © 2007, 2008 Discovering Tong